0 Rat Bite Fever

DEFINITIONS
Rat bite fever is an infection caused by one of two different bacteria, which is transmitted through bites of rodents.

More than 10%, rat bites cause rat bite fever. The disease is mainly found among Jewish ghetto, homeless and biomedical laboratory personnel.

Outbreaks of infection is never associated with people who drink water that is not pasteurized (heated / cooked until 70? Celsius to eradicate germs) and contaminated milk.
If the bacteria spread through the way as above, then the illness is called Haverhill fever. But usually occurs after the bite of an infected mice or mice infected.
Sometimes the infection is transmitted through the squirrels or other rodents.


SODOKU

Represents another type of rat bite fever caused by a spirochaete Spirillum minus.
These infections are found mostly in Asia. Also transmitted through the bite of a rat or mouse bites sometimes.

The wound is usually healed perfectly, but the inflammation occurs within 4-28 days after the bite (usually more than 10 days). Inflammation is accompanied by fever arising from lost-and enlarged lymph nodes in the affected area. Occasional patches of redness.
Other symptoms such as headache and fatigue arising during the period of fever.
If untreated, the fever will come back every 2-4 days during the eight weeks and sometimes for up to one year.

Diagnosis with the discovery of bacteria in the blood. Or it could be taken from tissue samples of the reddish or lymph nodes.

Penicillin administered per-orally (by mouth) or intravenously (through the veins). For patients allergic to penicillin can be replaced with tetracycline.

CAUSE
Bacteria Streptobacillus moniliformis, which is the bacteria that live in the mouth and throat healthy rats.

SYMPTOMS
Initial injury usually recover completely. But within 1-22 days after the bite (usually less than 10 days), suddenly arise chills, fever, vomiting, headache, backache and joint pain.
After three days, small red spots appear on the hands and feet.

In some patients, there was swelling of the joints followed by pain during the first week, and if not treated may continue until several days or several months.
Sometimes serious complications can occur such as heart valve infections and abscesses of the brain or other tissue.

DIAGNOSIS
To find a bacterial cause, created the blood or joint fluid cultures.

TREATMENT
Penicillin given either per-orally (by mouth) or intravenously (through the veins).
For patients allergic to penicillin, erythromycin may be substituted.